Title | Development and dynamics of cell polarity at a glance. |
Publication Type | Journal Article |
Year of Publication | 2017 |
Authors | Campanale JP, Sun TY, Montell DJ |
Journal | J Cell Sci |
Volume | 130 |
Issue | 7 |
Pagination | 1201-1207 |
Date Published | 2017 04 01 |
ISSN | 1477-9137 |
Keywords | Animals, Asymmetric Cell Division, Caenorhabditis elegans, Cell Movement, Cell Polarity, Humans, Multiprotein Complexes, Signal Transduction |
Abstract | <p>Cells exhibit morphological and molecular asymmetries that are broadly categorized as cell polarity. The cell polarity established in early embryos prefigures the macroscopic anatomical asymmetries characteristic of adult animals. For example, eggs and early embryos have polarized distributions of RNAs and proteins that generate global anterior/posterior and dorsal/ventral axes. The molecular programs that polarize embryos are subsequently reused in multiple contexts. Epithelial cells require apical/basal polarity to establish their barrier function. Migrating cells polarize in the direction of movement, creating distinct leading and trailing structures. Asymmetrically dividing stem cells partition different molecules between themselves and their daughter cells. Cell polarity can develop , be maintained through rounds of cell division and be dynamically remodeled. In this Cell Science at a Glance review and poster, we describe molecular asymmetries that underlie cell polarity in several cellular contexts. We highlight multiple developmental systems that first establish cell/developmental polarity, and then maintain it. Our poster showcases repeated use of the Par, Scribble and Crumbs polarity complexes, which drive the development of cell polarity in many cell types and organisms. We then briefly discuss the diverse and dynamic changes in cell polarity that occur during cell migration, asymmetric cell division and in planar polarized tissues.</p> |
DOI | 10.1242/jcs.188599 |
Alternate Journal | J. Cell. Sci. |
PubMed ID | 28365593 |
PubMed Central ID | PMC5399778 |
Grant List | R01 GM046425 / GM / NIGMS NIH HHS / United States |